The report ‘Elaboration of legal studies on EPBD provisions’ examines how to turn the objectives of the new Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) into reality, focusing on three key conditions: data governance, the legal framing of renovation obligations, and financing frameworks for deep renovations. It starts from a clear premise: the EPBD’s climate ambition depends not only on technical solutions, but on well-designed legal and regulatory decisions at the national level.

First, it explores the shift from a document-based approach to a reusable building data ecosystem. The creation of national databases opens up opportunities to improve planning and reduce costs, but also raises challenges related to data protection, liability, and effective access for owners, tenants, and professionals. Without clear rules on interoperability, usage rights, and data quality, there is a real risk of fragmented and ineffective systems.

Second, the report examines renovation obligations and minimum energy performance standards. It concludes that these are compatible with property rights when grounded in clear legislation, applied progressively, and accompanied by social and technical safeguards that address vulnerability or infeasibility.

Finally, the study highlights that renovation financing is no longer optional but a legal requirement. Designing financial instruments that comply with State aid rules and are tailored to local contexts, especially in low-value property markets, is essential to ensure a fair and effective implementation of the EPBD.