The recast of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) redefines the approach to energy performance by integrating it with climate resilience and indoor environmental quality (IEQ), which becomes a structural criterion within European regulation. Beyond reducing emissions, the framework aims to improve well-being, anticipate risks such as heatwaves, and reduce energy dependency through adaptive design strategies.

In this context, natural ventilation and other passive solutions take on a strategic role. Orientation, shading, and thermal mass help to mitigate cooling demand, particularly as temperatures rise, while active systems are considered as a complement when these measures are insufficient. The regulation also strengthens the monitoring of parameters such as temperature, humidity, and CO₂, introducing progressive requirements for new and renovated buildings.

The challenge now lies in national transposition, where balancing energy efficiency, comfort, and economic viability will be key, integrating IEQ from the design phase through to operation. This shift in paradigm opens up opportunities for more holistic approaches to the built environment, aligned with the EU’s climate and social objectives.