An international coalition of governments, industry representatives, and technical organisations has published an interim framework defining Near‑Zero Emission and Resilient Buildings (NZERBs). The report forms part of the Buildings Breakthrough initiative, launched at COP28 and co‑led by France and Morocco. Its objective is to ensure that near‑zero emission buildings become the standard practice by 2030.

The document introduces a qualitative definition applicable to countries with different income levels. A NZERB is defined as a building that maintains very low operational emissions, relies primarily on renewable energy sources, and is designed to withstand current and future climate‑related risks. The report sets out the principles required to reduce operational emissions, incorporate renewable energy, and strengthen climate resilience. These elements are intended to support national strategies to improve building energy performance and align with decarbonisation pathways.

The report highlights the need for coordinated action to reduce emissions from the built environment, which remains a significant contributor to global energy demand. By establishing a shared language and common criteria, the initiative aims to facilitate policy development, investment planning, and technical cooperation. The framework also supports the transition towards buildings that minimise energy use and rely increasingly on low‑carbon energy systems.

The Buildings Breakthrough initiative is supported by several national administrations and organisations, including France, Senegal, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Türkiye. Their contributions reflect the growing international focus on improving building performance and preparing the sector for future climate conditions. The report emphasises that achieving near‑zero emission standards will require sustained collaboration and the integration of resilience considerations into building design.