Contemporary architecture faces heatwave challenges due to concrete's heat retention and limited ventilation. Cooling consumes excessive energy, exacerbating climate issues and health risks. 

Indian ancient architecture, with courtyards and windcatchers, offers natural cooling solutions. Rainwater collection and sustainable materials were integral. Furthermore ancient structures display resilience to natural disasters. Modern architects can blend these with contemporary designs, promoting energy efficiency and comfort. 

Urbanisation poses challenges like environmental degradation and cultural loss. A balance between modernisation and heritage preservation is crucial.

Leveraging traditional techniques for affordable housing enhances thermal regulation, reduces costs, and promotes sustainability. Integration of ancient wisdom with modern technology offers promising solutions for future cities.