The building industry seeks to reduce its carbon footprint by embracing eco-friendly materials, driven by environmental concerns and governmental targets. These materials are sourced and manufactured with minimal carbon emissions and environmental impact, incorporating renewable resources and sustainable practices. 

Technological advancements facilitate the development of durable, energy-efficient materials like self-healing concrete and recycled steel. Key characteristics include renewability, recyclability, low embodied carbon, and energy efficiency. Challenges such as cost and availability persist, but innovations like fungi-based insulation and green concrete show promise, aligning with the industry's shift towards sustainability and reducing environmental impact.

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