_{Source: spiritenergy.co.uk} 

A recent study conducted by researchers at Edinburgh Napier University has shed new light on the economic and environmental potential of Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems in Scotland. By embedding solar panels directly into building façades, BIPV technology offers a dual function—serving as both a structural element and a renewable energy source. The research focused on four urban areas—Aberdeen, Edinburgh, Kirkwall, and Portree—analysing how orientation and tilt angles affect energy output and financial viability.

Using PVsyst simulation software, the team evaluated a 1 kWp grid-connected BIPV system across 80 different configurations of azimuth and tilt angles. The results were visualised using MATLAB to identify optimal setups. The study found that south-facing façades with a 40° tilt consistently delivered the highest energy yields. Aberdeen emerged as the most favourable location, achieving an annual energy generation of 1167 kWh, a Levelised Cost of Energy (LCOE) of £0.0606/kWh, and a payback period of just 7.2 years.

Conversely, Portree recorded the least favourable outcomes, with significantly lower energy generation and a payback period extending to 17.4 years. Despite these variations, the study underscores the broader viability of BIPV systems across Scotland, particularly when installed with optimal orientation. The findings suggest that BIPV can play a pivotal role in reducing carbon emissions and energy costs, aligning with national climate targets and building regulations.

The authors advocate for a shift in perception, urging architects, developers, and policymakers to view BIPV not merely as a sustainable add-on but as a core component of modern building design. With the potential to transform façades into revenue-generating assets, BIPV systems could redefine urban energy strategies. The study concludes by recommending further exploration into advanced technologies such as concentrated photovoltaics to enhance year-round performance in Scotland’s variable climate.