Glass has long been central to architecture for its aesthetic appeal and light-transmitting qualities. Its modern use in construction, notably skyscrapers, exceeds 50% of exterior surfaces. Advances have made glass versatile, offering energy efficient properties.

Energy-efficient windows emerged in the 1970s, reducing energy loss. Low-emissivity (Low-e) glass, crucial for thermal insulation, enhances building comfort and energy efficiency, supporting sustainability goals. 

However, glass production’s high energy use and resource consumption pose environmental challenges. Increasing recycled content, energy-efficient manufacturing, and renewable energy adoption are crucial for the glass industry’s sustainable evolution, aiming for a reduced carbon footprint and lifecycle sustainability.