A study by the University of Oxford and the Regulatory Assistance Project emphasises the remarkable efficiency of heat pumps compared to fossil fuel heating. Even in low temperatures, heat pumps are two to three times more efficient than combustion or electric resistance heating systems.

Utilising energy from nature and temperature differences, heat pumps operate with a Coefficient of Performance (COP) of 2.74 at temperatures between 5 and minus 10 degrees Celsius, surpassing fossil fuel and electric systems. Heat pumps remain effective in extremely cold climates, offering a COP between 1.5 and 2 at temperatures as low as minus 30 degrees Celsius, showcasing their importance in reducing dependence on fossil fuels.

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