Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a robotic additive manufacturing technique called 'impact printing' to improve sustainable construction. 

This process uses low-carbon materials such as clay and excavated earth, eliminating the need for cement. Unlike traditional methods, impact printing is faster and more efficient, with construction robots propelling materials at high speed to form structures without requiring drying times. It enables construction in various environments and is integrated with high-payload robotic platforms.

The method, which won the 2023 3D Pioneers Challenge, reduces environmental impact, and an ETH spin-off is being developed to commercialise the technology.