Energy demand and building energy performance are crucial for achieving sustainability goals, requiring an understanding of energy dynamics and their contribution to overall consumption. Innovations in resilient technologies, such as smart building systems and renewable energy integration, are key to reducing energy consumption and environmental impact. 

Climate change exacerbates energy demand challenges, particularly in cooling systems, necessitating effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. Resilient cooling systems, including smart HVAC systems and passive cooling techniques, are essential for minimising energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions. 

Policy imperatives, such as incentivising resilient cooling technologies and supporting research initiatives, are vital for advancing sustainable solutions and achieving long-term sustainability goals.