A study by Wärtsilä, a Finnish technology group, highlights the underutilised potential of district heating in Europe to achieve decarbonisation goals and increase renewable energy use. 

The research emphasises the role of Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems, particularly using gas-powered engines and heat pumps, to decarbonise heat and electricity while delivering savings. 

Case studies in Poland, Denmark, Hungary, Czech Republic, and others show that these flexible technologies can reduce CO2 emissions, optimise energy use, and integrate renewables. 

Government support, such as subsidies and market incentives, is identified as crucial for modernising and scaling district heating systems.