The construction sector generates vast waste, with over 2 billion tons annually in China alone, highlighting the need for a circular economy. Unlike the 'take-make-dispose' model, circularity's 'make-use-reuse' approach reduces waste and environmental impact. 

An MIT study explored stakeholder perspectives on circular adoption, revealing barriers like cost, logistics, and regulatory challenges. 

Developers showed a willingness to pay higher costs for carbon reductions, while policy incentives could accelerate adoption. Innovations like MIT’s Pixelframe, a modular concrete system, demonstrate technical feasibility. 

Support from entities like MassCEC and the Biden administration further advances circularity, emphasising the reuse of materials like steel for sustainable construction.