The project focuses on buildings erected before 1945, aiming to balance energy savings with the preservation of cultural value. The methodology involves defining building typologies based on general information, geometric parameters, architectural characteristics, and heritage elements.

Nine typologies have been identified, including Spanish terraced tenement buildings, Polish garden-city villas, and Swedish monumental public buildings.

The report underscores the importance of considering both the original and current characteristics of these buildings to develop effective retrofit solutions. The quantification of energy performance for each typology includes ranges for U-values of building envelope elements and energy demand and consumption for heating and cooling.

The findings provide a robust basis for developing tailored retrofit solutions and planning toolkits, ensuring that historic buildings can contribute to the EU's climate neutrality goals by 2050.