In 2022, over 41 million Europeans, representing 9.1% of the population, were unable to keep their homes adequately warm, with this figure rising to 10.6% in 2023, according to data from Energy Poverty Statistics.

The problem is particularly acute in Central and Eastern Europe, where many multi-family apartment buildings, constructed during the Soviet era, suffer from poor energy efficiency. EU policies, primarily driven by the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), aim to address these challenges by promoting energy efficiency and decarbonisation in the renovation of these buildings.

The EPBD, alongside the Energy Efficiency Directive, mandates Member States to develop targeted plans for the progressive renovation of residential buildings, prioritising the worst-performing structures. This report examines the policy frameworks at both EU and national levels, focusing on Lithuania, Bulgaria, and Hungary, and highlights initiatives such as resource centres and Neighbourhood Energy Sufficiency Roadmaps (NESRs). These initiatives provide residents with access to comprehensive information, technical assistance, and financial support for energy-efficient home renovations.