The war has devastated Ukraine’s building stock, with 13% of homes damaged and reconstruction needs exceeding $83 billion. In this context, energy efficiency cannot be an optional add-on: it is essential for energy sovereignty, urban resilience, and future EU integration.

The planning framework—comprising the Ukraine Facility Plan, the National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP), and the Long-Term Renovation Strategy (LTRS)—sets out an ambitious roadmap, but gaps remain. Although the energy efficiency first principle is mentioned, a clear definition and mechanisms for systematic application are missing.

The LTRS is the most powerful instrument, yet it requires improvements: more granular building stock data, non-overlapping indicators, and prioritised policies that drive deep renovations and tackle energy poverty. Recommendations include linking financial support to energy performance levels, creating one-stop shops, and ensuring funding continuity. Ultimately, rebuilding with Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) standards and flexible strategies will not only cut emissions but also enhance health, social cohesion, and economic competitiveness. The opportunity is there; the challenge is turning principles into action.