This study develops a novel framework integrating Urban Digital Twins and Zero Energy Buildings to optimise energy management, enhance sustainability, and inform smart city development.

This review examines how digital technologies in modular construction enhance sustainability, highlighting trends in BIM, IoT, and energy modelling, while emphasising the need for further research in AI, material circularity, and off-grid solutions.

AI is transforming sustainable building practices by optimising energy efficiency in both design and operations, offering cost-effective solutions for reducing carbon emissions.

The ‘en-SʘLEX’ solar exoskeleton enables efficient building retrofitting, reducing heating and cooling energy use by up to 80.7% and 60.5%, transforming buildings into NetPlus energy producers.

The study demonstrates that using eco-efficient ZS ceramic bricks in building construction can reduce energy consumption by up to 12.5% compared to conventional bricks, with or without thermal insulation, in various climates.

This study presents a Digital Twin-based system integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to optimise the allocation, management, and lifecycle of relocatable modular buildings, reducing costs and improving efficiency.

The document advocates for renovating existing buildings to meet the EU’s 2030 GHG emission reduction target, emphasising energy efficiency, reuse and social inclusion.

The document highlights the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from buildings through retrofitting, addressing challenges such as high costs, data gaps, and technical issues, while exploring opportunities in innovation and policy to meet net-zero targets by 2050.

This review examines European research on the price premium of energy-efficient homes, finding positive effects but highlighting challenges like data limitations and omitted variable bias, with recommendations for improved data infrastructure and tailored policies.

This study develops a low-carbon production management model for construction firms using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to address carbon emissions and provide practical guidance for a low-carbon transition in the industry.